Node.js is a simplified model created as there were many difficulties reported in server side programming. Node.js uses different modules that are responsible for various core functionality. It runs on various Operating Systems such as MacOS, Linux, and Windows. To maximize the usage of a single CPU as well as the memory we use non-blocking and asynchronous operations. They both use only one thread to service all requests.
Asynchronous :The term itself defines that it is not synchronous. The architecture of asynchronous explains that the message sent will not give the reply on immediate basis just like we send the mail but do not get the reply on an immediate basis. It does not have any dependency or order. Hence improving the system efficiency and performance. The server stores the information and when the action is done it will be notified.
Non-Blocking:Nonblocking immediately responses with whatever data available. Moreover, it does not block any execution and keeps on running as per the requests. If an answer could not be retrieved than in those cases API returns immediately with an error. Nonblocking is mostly used with I/O(input/output). Node.js is itself based on nonblocking I/O model. There are few ways of communication that a nonblocking I/O has completed. The callback function is to be called when the operation is completed. Nonblocking call uses the help of javascript which provides a callback function.
Asynchronous VS Non-Blocking
You can point out the differences with these definitions of asynchronous and nonblocking. But few major differences are:1) Asynchronous does not respond immediately, While Nonblocking responds immediately if the data is available and if not that simply returns an error.2) Asynchronous improves the efficiency by doing the task fast as the response might come later, meanwhile, can do complete other tasks. Nonblocking does not block any execution and if the data is available it retrieves the information quickly.3) Asynchronous is the opposite of synchronous while nonblocking I/O is the opposite of blocking. They both are fairly similar but they are also different as asynchronous is used with a broader range of operations while nonblocking is mostly used with I/O.
Conclusion:Asynchronous and Nonblocking main motive is to make the system effective and simpler. Hence increasing the performance by maximizing the usage of the CPU.
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